One young boy with autism I work with engages in repetitive play behaviors. Initially, he was fascinated by numbers and counting songs like “5 Little Monkeys” and “5 Green and Speckled Frogs.” Later, he developed a keen interest in putting his stuffed animals to sleep and waking them up.
To support this behavior, we incorporated a rhythm into his play with a “good night” song and a “wake up” song to cue transitions, with “work” periods for him/his stuffed animals during the “day,” before putting them back to bed. This structured musical approach provided a framework to his play, encouraging interaction and communication. He could easily spend an entire session repeating this playful routine, which ultimately became a bonding and developmental opportunity.
So what causes that behavior and why is it so important for me, as the therapist, to support and nurture?
Repetitive play behaviors in children with autism are often a source of curiosity—and sometimes concern—for parents, educators, and therapists. These behaviors, characterized by repeating specific actions or activities, are common among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To fully support these children, it’s crucial to understand the reasons behind these behaviors and how they can be beneficially integrated into therapeutic and educational settings.
Why Do Kids with Autism Engage in Repetitive Play?
Repetitive behaviors, often referred to as “stimming,” can serve various purposes for children with autism. Here are a few key reasons why these behaviors occur:
1. Comfort and Predictability
For many children with autism, the world can be an unpredictable place. Repetitive play provides a sense of stability and predictability, helping them feel more secure and in control. This is especially true in unfamiliar or stressful situations.
2. Sensory Regulation
Children with autism often experience sensory processing differences. Engaging in repetitive behaviors can help regulate their sensory input, providing either a calming effect or the stimulation they seek. Sensory play techniques can be a constructive way to channel this need for regulation.
3. Focus and Mastery
Repetition allows children to focus intensely on a particular activity, aiding in the development of skills and mastery. It can be a way for them to hone their abilities in a safe and structured environment.
As a side note, the client I discussed above has recently transitioned to having his own room, so it is my clinical opinion that his repetitive behavior is likely connected to the process of developing his new bedtime routine.
4. Communication and Expression
For some children, repetitive behaviors may be a form of communication or expression, especially if verbal communication is challenging. It can be their way of interacting with the world and expressing their interests and preferences.
How to Support Repetitive Play Behaviors
Understanding and supporting repetitive behaviors is essential for creating inclusive environments that cater to children with autism. Here are some strategies:
Encourage Safe Exploration
Allow children to engage in repetitive behaviors within safe boundaries. Ensure the environment supports exploration without risk or harm.
Use Sensory Play Techniques
Incorporate sensory-friendly play activities that align with the child’s interests. These can include tactile materials, musical instruments, or visual stimuli that cater to their sensory needs.
Integrate Music Therapy
Music can be a powerful tool to structure play and support transitions. Consider incorporating songs and rhythmic activities that align with the child’s repetitive play patterns.
Observe and Adapt
Pay attention to the child’s cues and adapt your approach to support their unique needs. Remember that each child is different, and what works for one may not work for another.
Foster Communication
Use repetitive behaviors as a springboard for interaction and communication. Encourage the child to express their interests and preferences through their play.
Conclusion
Repetitive play behaviors in children with autism can offer valuable insights into their world. By understanding their purpose and integrating supportive techniques like music therapy and sensory play, parents, educators, and therapists can create nurturing environments that foster growth and connection. If you’re interested in learning more about how to support these behaviors, consider reaching out to autism support communities and resources that offer guidance and expertise in this area.
